The Dual form of government introduced by Zhagdrung Ngawang Namgyal ended with the establishment of the Hereditary Monarchy in the year 1907. Sir Ugyen Wangchuck was elected as the first Hereditary Monarch of Bhutan in December 17, 1907. Ugyen Wangchuck was the son of the Trongsa Penlop, Jigme Namgyal. He died in 1926 and ruled for 19 years as the King of Bhutan. He was a wise diplomat and an able administrator. During his reign, he introduced the system of western Education and made several reforms in the system of government. He also signed a new treaty with the Briutish in India in 1910. He was married to Ashi Tsendue Lhamo.

King Jigme Wangchuck was the second Hereditary King of Bhutan. He succeeded his father in the year 1926. He was born in 1905 and was the eldest son of King ugyen wamgchuck. During his reign, Bhutan started to show itself to the outside world with the participation in the Asian Relations Conference in New Delhi in the year 1947. In the year 1947, the Treaty of perpetual peace and friendship between the government of Independent India and Bhutan was signed in Darjeeling. This treaty governs the modern day Indo-Bhutan relations.

The Third King Jigme Dorji Wangchuck, also known as the father of Modern Bhutan was born in 1928. He was enthroned as The King of Bhutan in the year 1952 and ruled till 1972.He was a very far sighted Monarch and Bhutan emerged as a modern nation during his reign. He banned slavery and serfdom and distributed land to the landless. He established a high court and reformed the judicial system. He also started the national Assembly in 1953 and started the five year planned economic development in 1961. Bhutan joined the United Nations and many other international organizations. Most of the modern developments were started during his reign leading Bhutan to its today’s state.

His Majesty, the King Jigme Singye Wangchuck was born to King Jigme Dorji wangchuck and Queen Ashi Kelzang Chhoden wangchuck on 11th November 1955. He became the youngest Monarch  on 23 July  1972 at a very young age of  17. The official  coronation was held on June 02, 1974. His Majesty King Jime Singye Wangchuck married four sisters - Ashi Dorji Wangmo Wangchuck, Ashi Tshering Pem Wangchuck, Ashi Tshering Yangdon Wangchuck and Ashi Sangay Choden Wangchuck as queens in the year 1979. The official Royal wedding was held in 1988.

Under his reign Bhutan developed foreign relations with many more countries and  joined many other international organizations. He decentralized the governing system and made many other reforms.

On the National day of 2007, His Majesty King Jigme Khesar Namgyal Wangchuck was enthroned the fifth hereditary King of Bhutan and Bhutan had its first Poll Day in 2008. Bhutan  is  now a Democratic Constitutional Monarchy .